POLITENESS THEORY (SEMANTICS)

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Today, I want to tell you about "POLITENESS THEORY"
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POLITENESS THEORY

by Brown and Levinson

The study of politeness strategy is basically the study of knowing the way the people use the language while they are having interaction or communication. It preaches how to use the language and conduct the conversation run well and go smoothly.
In case of communication, however, everyone wants to be understood and not to be disturbed by others; moreover, he or she does not want to loose his face while communicating. Loosing face means the notions of being embarrassed, humiliated or disappointed. That is why face is something that is emotionally invested, maintained, enhanced and constantly attended in an interaction.

Concept of face
Face means respect, self-esteem, self-image in the community, Brown and Levinson say that society is governed by two desires: to be free from imposition, and to be appreciated and approved of. First desire considered a negative politeness, and the latter is considered a positive politeness.
Face is the central idea of ​​this theory:

• Negative face includes the following aspects: the basic demands of the private property and personal space, rights not to be disturbed, freedom of action and freedom from imposition. 
• Positive face refers to personality as well as desires that his own self-image is accepted and respected, the value of face is different in different cultures: the definite boundary  is a private space and the local culture. 

Face-Threatening Act (FTA) 
Meanwhile, in a conversation, the interlocutor could be a threat to someone's face and the face of his own by making a question, suggestion, criticism, reveling mistake, thanking, and so on. All of these are so-called face-threatening act (FTA). Most of the speech acts of speaker emerged potentially results FTA.

FTA could threaten the face of both positive and negative, as in point (I) and (II):
(I) Negative FTA: command, request, suggest, suggestions, remind, threaten, warn, offer, promise, express jealousy, admiration, hate, anger, passion, etc
(Ii) Positive FTA: an expression of disapproval, criticism, felt disgust, complaining, accusing, insulting, diagreeing, emotionally abusive, mentioning taboo topics, interrupting and uncooperative, etc.

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What is Semantics?

semantics is learning that discusses the meaning. semantics are used to understand expressions or feelings through language and depend on the context of the situation.

SYNTAX

Hello everyone..
Welcome to my blog.
Today I want to explain about "Syntax".

What is syntax ?

Syntax is the grammatical structure of sentences. The format in which words and phrases are arranged to create sentences is called syntax.

In linguistics, syntax refers to the rules that govern the ways in which words combine to form phrases, clauses, and sentences.

Types of Syntax (Sentence Structures)

Types of sentences and their syntax modes include simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences, and compound-complex sentences. Compound sentences are two simple sentences joined by a conjunction. Complex sentences have dependent clauses, and compound-complex sentences have both types included.

• Simple sentence: The girl ran. Structure: Subject-verb.

• Compound sentence: The girl ran the marathon, and her cousin did, too. Structure: Subject-verb-object-conjunction-subject-verb.

• Complex sentence: Although they were tired after the marathon, the cousins decided to go to a celebration at the park. Structure: Dependent clause-subject-verb-object.

• Compound-complex sentence: Although they weren't fond of crowds, this was different, they decided, because of the common goal that had brought everyone together. Structure: Four clauses, dependent and independent.

Ok. I think that’s all about syntax.

Thankyou everyone J

Bullying

This is all because of you, bully !!

Bullying is an action that results in a mental disorders. River, Poteat, Noret, and Ashurst (2009) suggest that bullying is part of everyday life, most students in school, victims of intimidation or bullying have a negative impact that is related to their mental health such as causing psychological disorders, depression, and worse is being able to cause suicide.

Bullying actors will get satisfaction from their actions. They are afraid of being rivaled, so they oppress the others. Bullying people consider themselves the most powerful, most powerful, most powerful than victims of bullying. Bullying perpetrators also consider themselves the trust even though by bullying he will be hated by others. They don't care what impact they have on the victims of bullying. And oppressed victims are helpless individuals who are unable to resist and surrender to the conditions they experience.

The impact of bullying that often occurs is the occurrence of psychological disorders. Psychological symptoms that will occur in bully-victim children such as anxiety or anxiety, fatigue, reduced self-esteem, difficulty concentrating, moody, self-blame and easily angry. According to data (WHO), there are around 450 million peoples who experience psychological disorders.

In addition to psychological disorders, the second mental disorder that often occurs is depression. Depression is a mood disorder that causes sufferers to constantly feel sad. In contrast to ordinary sadness which generally lasts for several days, feelings of sadness in depression can last for weeks or months.

According to WHO data, there are around 35 million peoples affected by depression as a result of bullying.  Children who suffer from depression due to bullying, many run into"negative"examples such as torturing themselves(self-destruction), alcohol, psycho-addictive substances, possessing uncomfortable feelings, fear of going out of the house to socialize in real, bitter experiences and sad feelings always haunt every day, rejected by the environment, and treated like arbitrarily humbling themselves.

Suicide. Suicide is a fatal impact of mental disorders.

According to data (WHO), nearly one million people commit suicide every day. Bully victims committed suicide because they were no longer able and stressed because they were bullied.

So, Bullying or what we call suppression is familiar to us. That until now there are still many cases of bullying that still have not been dealt with and are often experienced by everyone regardless of age, from the young to the old, even from the closest person even the family.  Bullying that often occurs in children is considered the initial form of violence that occurs in adolescence and is a form of behavioral disorder. And bullying has an impact starting from psychological disorders, depression, and even attempting suicide.

After knowing what bullying is and its effects, let's together dare to say "NO" to bullying. Don't be a bully don't want to be bullied.

References :

Beritasatu.com

https://www.academia.edu/7313182/Dampak_Psikologis_Remaja_Korban_Bullying

MORPHEMES (FREE MORPHEME AND BOUND MORPHEME)

                                 
Hello my friends..
Wellcome to my blog. Today I will give you information about "FREE MORPHEME AND BOUND MORPHEME".
Let's see my ppt!!


                       


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Thank you my friends...

PHONETICS

Hello everyone!!
Welcome to my blog.

Today, I want to tell you about "Phonetics"

 






Phonetics is the systematic study of speech and the sounds of language.

 1. Place of Articulation
Divided into several parts:
a. Bilabial
Bilabial is articulated by the lower lip and upper lip.
for the example is /m/ /b/ /p/

b. Labio-Dental
Labio-Dental articulated by the lip and teeth.
for the example is symbol /f/ /v/

c. Lingua-Dental
Lingua-Dental is articulate by the tongue and teeth.
for the example is Think and Father

d.  Alveora 
Alveora is articulated by the tongue and soft palate..
for the example is /t/ /d/ /s/ /n/ /z/

e. Palatal 
Palatal is articulated by the tongue and hard palate.
for the example is ship

f. Velar
Velar is articulated by the tongue and soft palate.
for the example is /k/ /g/

g. Glottal
Glottal is articulated by the glottis . 
for the example is home, have, has, house

2. Manner Articulation
Divided into several parts:
a. Stop
Stop is we stop the air completely
for the example is put, but, toy, done, key, and go

b. Fricatives
Fricatives is we let the air leak from a narrow passage

c. Affricate
Affricate is we block the air and then abruptly release it.

d. Nasal 
Nasal is we push air out from our nose

e. Liquid 
Liquid is the friction with the term, resuiting in a consonant with a vowel-like quality

f. Glide
Glide is we begin a sound from a vowel position and end it in a consonants

I have video about Phonetics in my youtube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGqaaEFK-_4

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About me

Hello everyone..
Today i want to tell u about me.

Im a EXO-L. My bias is CHANYEOL and BAEKHYUN.
I like Chanyeol because he is very handsome,cute, and friendly. And I like Baekhyun because he has a very good voice.